Heritage & Culture
State of Cultural Heritage: 8 Natural Monuments, 1 Scenic Site, 2 Local Relics
Natural Habitat of Camellia in Daecheongdo Island (Natural Monument)
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Description : Natural Habitat of Camellia in Daecheongdo Island (Natural Monument No. 66) |
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| Type | Place name |
| Characteristic | Natural Habitat |
| Location | 43-1, Daecheong-ri, Baengnyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 66 |
| Cultural property designation date | December 3, 1962 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 254,381㎡ |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
It is an evergreen broadleaf tree belonging to the tea family. It grows wild in warm coastal areas and designated as the 66th Natural Monument in 1962. In Korea, it is a protected species found at the northernmost natural habitat. The red flowers, when in bloom, may be gleaned through the shade of the trees and they are overwhelming.
Peridotite xenolith-bearing basalt (Natural Monument)
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Description : Peridotite xenolith-bearing basalt (Natural Monument No. 393) |
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| Type | Conceptual term |
| Characteristic | Geological features |
| Location | 154-2, Jinchon-ri, Baengnyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 393 |
| Cultural property designation date | December 30, 1997 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 6,307㎡ |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
- Peridotite xenolith-bearing basalt is at the coastline, 1.3km east of Jinchon-ri in Baengnyeong-myeon. The lava layer contains a yellow peridotite mass, 5-10cm in diameter. The thickness of the lava bed is more than 10m and consists of black basalt.
- The Peridotite xenolith-bearing basalt in Jinchon-ri, Baengnyeongdo Island was created when peridotite erupted, together with lava, several kilometers from below the earth. Since it is very important to study underground conditions, it has been designated as Natural Monument No. 393.
Habitat for Chinese egret and black-tailed gull in Sindo Island (Natural Monument)
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Description : Habitat for Chinese egret and black-tailed gull in Sindo Island (Natural Monument No. 360) |
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| Type | Place name |
| Characteristic | Breeding ground |
| Location | Entire area of Sindo-ri and Jangbong-ri, Bukdo-myeon, Ongjin-gun |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 360 |
| Cultural property designation date | August 23, 1988 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 3,623㎡ |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
The habitat for Chinese egret, an endangered summer bird, and black-tailed gull is Sindo Island, a small rocky island about 20.5km in the west coast of Jangbong-ri, Ongjin County, Gyeonggi Province. The Chinese egret breeds intensively in the range of about 200m from the northern-southern sloping side of the island to the summit. In general, the nest is loosely woven with dry mugwort and mostly, three eggs are laid. But occasionally, five eggs are laid.
The black-tailed gulls breed mostly on the slopes and cliffs of the island, and some flocks breed with Chinese egrets around the summit. The nest is made at the reef or a place where there is not much trees or grasses. The habitat for Chinese Egret and black-tailed gull in Sindo Island is a rare breeding ground for Chinese egret, and one of the largest black-tailed gull breeding sites in Korea. For these reasons, this place has been protected and designated as Natural Monument No. 360.
Sagot Beach of Baengnyeongdo Island (Natural Monument)
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Description : Sagot Beach of Baengnyeongdo Island (natural airfield) (Natural Monument No. 391) |
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| Type | Place name |
| Characteristic | Natural airfield |
| Location | Entire coast of Jinchon-ri, Baengnyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 391 |
| Cultural property designation date | December 30, 1997 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 2,566,000㎡ (designated area): 2km in length / Sandy beach: 200m in width |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
Sagot Beach was designated as Natural Monument No. 391, and one of the two natural airfields in the world. It is a beautiful beach comparable to Naples. This place was once used as an airfield by the military. The fine sand forms the 300m wide and 3km long white sand beach and it boasts itself as one of the best vacation spots in the world.
Pebble Beach at Nampo-ri, Baengnyeong island (Natural Monument)
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Description : Pebble Beach at Nampo-ri, Baengnyeong island (Natural Monument No. 392) |
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| Type | Place name |
| Characteristic | Beach |
| Location | Entire beach of Nampo-ri, Baengnyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 392 |
| Cultural property designation date | December 30, 1997 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | Area within 500m from the coastal area boundary |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
Pebble Beach is one of the places that show the geographical and geological characteristics of Baengnyeongdo Island. It is a terrace formed with sediments consisting of rounded pebbles from the beach. It was designated as Natural Monument No. 392, about 1km along the southern coast of Ogeumpo in Nampo-dong of Baengnyeongdo Island. Moving inland, there are coast guard posts where barbed wires are constructed in the border. The rounded pebbles were shaped through repeated clashing with the waves with quartzite, the parent rock. Since they are small and shaped like a bean, they are called Kongol (Kong means bean in Korean). Color varies from white to brown, gray, reddish brown, bluish-grey, etc. Such dynamic colored pebbles are a magnificent spectacle.
Fold structure of Nampo-ri, Baengnyeongdo Island (Natural Monument)
| Photo |
Description : Fold structure of Nampo-ri, Baengnyeongdo Island (Natural Monument No. 507) |
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| Type | Place name |
| Characteristic | Natural Monument |
| Location | Entire area of Mt. 282-1, Nampo-ri, Baengnyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 507 |
| Cultural property designation date | November 10, 2009 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 79,998㎡ (land area: 61,219㎡, beach: 18,779㎡) |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
The fault and fold structure of the Jangchon coast in Nampo-ri, Baengnyeongdo Island was designated as Natural Monument No. 507. It is located on the coastal cliff just across the Yongtrimbawi Rock, about 300m from the west coast of Jangchon Port. It is about 50m high and 80m long. The Precambrian folded strata is seen along the Jangchon coast of Baengnyeong island, and this fault and folded structure was formed by the crustal variation of the Paleozoic to Mesozoic stratigraphy which occurred extensively in eastern Asia. The large-scale fault and folding structures are clearly visible and very rare. Therefore, its scientific research is considered to be very valuable in identifying the developmental history of the earth’s crust in the Korean peninsula. Meanwhile, it is expected to play an important role for students and visitors who want to experience this geographical phenomenon and formation.
Stromatolite and Bunbawi Rock in Socheongdo Island (Natural Monument)
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Description : Stromatolite and Bunbawi Rock in Socheongdo Island (Natural Monument No. 508) |
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| Type | Place name |
| Characteristic | Natural Monument |
| Location | Entire area of Mt. 55-3, Socheong-ri, Daecheong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 508 |
| Cultural property designation date | November 10, 2009 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 29,686㎡ (land area: 21,793㎡, beach: 7,893㎡) |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
Bunbawi Rock is named for its commanding look in harmony with the blue sea surrounding Socheongdo Island. It is also called Woltti (meaning moon band) because it looks like a white moon band. From the shoreline, the splendid look of the rock overwhelms the viewer as if seeing the work of God. It serves as a navigator for the ships coming in from the sea at night. This is designated as Natural Monument No. 508.
Rose of Sharon in Yeonhwa-ri in Baengnyeong-myeon (Natural Monument)
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Description : Stromatolite and Bunbawi Rock in Socheongdo Island (Natural Monument No. 508) |
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| Type | Animal and plant |
| Characteristic | Natural Plant |
| Location | Entire area of 230-7, Junghwa-gil, Baengnyeong-myeon (Yeonhwa-ri) |
| Cultural property designation No. | Natural Monument No. 521 |
| Cultural property designation date | January 13, 2011 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 1 tree (height: 6.3m, circumference around the root: 1.23m) |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
Rose of Sharon in Yeonhwa-ri was designated as Natural Monument No. 521. It is located in front of the Junghwadong Church (built in 1896) in Baengnyeongdo Island. The type of tree is superior, known to be the largest of its kind, with 6.3m in height. The flower has red petals with red center as the prototype of pure native species. It is as old as the history of the church and it radiates the old-fashioned charm in every single branch.
Dumujin in Baengnyeongdo Island (Scenic Site)
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Description : Dumujin in Baengnyeongdo Island (Scenic Site No. 8) |
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| Type | Animal and plant |
| Characteristic | Scenic Site |
| Location | 1 lot beside 255-1, Yeonhwa-ri, Baengnyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Scenic Site No. 8 |
| Cultural property designation date | December 30, 1997 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | Area within 500m from the coastal area boundary |
※ Reference: Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
Description
Dumujin is located in Yeonhwa-ri of Baengnyeong-myeon in Ongjin County. It is designated as Scenic Site No. 8 and often called Haegumgang River of the West Sea. The oddly shaped rocks are jutting out at 1,193,544㎡ and such view creates a mystical atmosphere. Since its designation as a Scenic Site on December 30, 1997, it has become a must-visit spot in Baengnyeongdo Island. There are an increasing number of people visiting this place every year.
Chungminsa Temple in Yeonpyeongdo Island (Local Relics)
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Description : Chungminsa Temple in Yeonpyeongdo Island (Local Relics No. 1) |
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| Type | Relic |
| Characteristic | Shrine |
| Location | Mt. 9-1, Jungbu-ri, Yeonpyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Local Relic No. 1 |
| Cultural property designation date | December 12, 1985 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 104㎡ |
Description
Chungminsa Temple was designated as Local Relic No. 1, located in Yeonpyeongdo Island. It is said to have been built to repay the good graces of General Gyeong-eop Im, a great commander of the Joseon Dynasty. When he suffered from disgrace during the Manchu war in 1636 and went to the Ming Dynasty to attack the Qing Dynasty, he stopped by Yeonpyeongdo Island and caught croakers using a thornbush. Because of this, people admired his wisdom and built a temple to worship him. Every spring, all residents commemorate General Gyeong-eop Im and offer a ritual to wish for a good haul of fish.
Shell mounds in Baengnyeongdo Island
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Description : Shell mounds in Baengnyeongdo Island (Local Relic No. 2) |
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| Type | Relic |
| Characteristic | Prehistoric remains, shell mounds |
| Location | 154-1, Jinchon-ri, Baengnyeong-myeon |
| Cultural property designation No. | Local Relic No. 2 |
| Cultural property designation date | December 12, 1985 |
| Scale (area/height/length) | 40㎡ |
Description
The Jinchonri Shell Mounds in Baengnyeong-myeon is a prehistoric ruin designated as Local Relic No. 2 of Ongjin County. It is located below the hillside of the coast in Jinchon-ri, which is about 500m northeast of the Baengnyeong-myeon Office. It is spread throughout the 10m elevation. The shell mounds were announced to be a prehistoric site by investigators of the Seoul National University Scientific Investigation Team in 1958. According to the pieces of the chipped stone implements collected from the lower part of the shell mounds, people lived in Baengnyeongdo Island during the Stone Age. The shell mounds are composed of shells of oysters and mussels. Also, there are pieces of pottery and earthenware scattered around them.